Shoulder Replacement
Total Shoulder Replacement (also called anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty)
Replacing the arthritic ball-and-socket shoulder joint with metal and plastic components.
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What it is
In an anatomic total shoulder replacement, the worn surfaces of the ball-and-socket shoulder joint are replaced. The arthritic ball at the top of the arm bone (humerus) is reshaped and capped with a smooth metal head on a stem, and the socket (glenoid) is resurfaced with a plastic component. It is used mainly for shoulder arthritis when the rotator cuff tendons are still intact and working.
Common symptoms
- Deep, aching shoulder pain that is worse with use and often at night
- Stiffness and lost motion — trouble reaching overhead, behind the back, or across the body
- Grinding or catching with movement
- Pain that no longer responds to therapy, medication, or injections
Non-surgical options
- Activity modification and physical therapy to keep motion and strength
- Anti-inflammatory medication when appropriate
- A corticosteroid injection into the joint
- Continuing non-surgical care as long as pain and function stay acceptable
The procedure
The operation is done at the hospital or surgery center under anesthesia, usually with a nerve block for pain control. Through an incision at the front of the shoulder, the arthritic humeral head is removed and replaced with a metal head on a stem, and the socket is resurfaced with a plastic implant. Most patients stay one night or go home the same day, with the arm in a sling.
Recovery timeline
- Weeks 0–6Sling for comfort and protection. Gentle pendulum and passive motion as directed. No lifting, pushing, or reaching against resistance.
- Weeks 6–12Sling weaned. Therapy advances to active motion and then light strengthening.
- Months 3–6Progressive strengthening. Return to most daily activities, driving, and low-demand recreation.
- Months 6–12Continued gains in strength and endurance. Most patients have lasting pain relief and improved motion.
The information on this page is provided for general educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Individual cases vary. Always consult a qualified clinician about your condition. In an emergency call 911.